What is anatomy?
nAnatomy is the study of the
structure of an organism.
nHuman anatomy is the study of
the structure of the human organism.
nAnatomy is derived from the
Greek word anatome which means "cutting up". Its Latin
equivalent is dissectio.
nAnatomy has a wider scope than mere cutting up. It is
the foundation of the whole art of medicine and introduces the student to most
of the medical terminologies. It adheres to the Terminologica Anatomica.
n1. Gross anatomy or
macroscopic anatomy is the study of
the structure of the body seen with the naked eye and by means of dissection.
n2. Microscopic anatomy
(cytology and histology) is the study of the structure of the body with the
aid of a microscope.
n3. Embryology or
developmental anatomy is the study of the changes that occur from the time
of fertilization to the time of birth.
n4. Comparative anatomy
is the study of the relationship between the structures of related organisms.
Method of study
nRegional or Topographical anatomy is the study of anatomy by regions: upper limb,
thorax etc.
nSystemic anatomy is the study of anatomy by systems : CVS, RS, NS etc
nClinical or applied anatomy is the study of structure of the body as it relates
to practice of medicine and other health sciences
History of anatomy
nAnatomy
is one of the oldest basic medical sciences. Formal study of anatomy started in
Egypt about 500 BC
nHippocrates of Cos (460-377
BC) is regarded as the father of medicine and one of the founding fathers of
anatomy. He taught human anatomy in Greece and wrote many books on anatomy. He
also wrote the Hippocratic oath.
nHerophilus (300 BC) is
regarded as the founding father of anatomy as a systematic discipline.
Aristotle (384-322 BC) is regarded
as the founder of comparative anatomy. He was the first person to use the term
anatome: a Greek word which means cutting up. Comparative anatomy studies the
similarities and differences that exist between structures of various animals.
nLeonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)
was an anatomist and an artist. He prepared models and paintings which were the
first correct representations of the various organs of the human body.
Andreas Vesalius (1514-1565)
was the first to do a systematic study of the structure of the human body. He
was the first to write a scientific textbook on anatomy. He pointed out that
anatomy is the foundation of the whole art of medicine and corrected over 200
anatomical errors made by Galen.
Discoveries by medical students
n1. Red blood cells
(Swammerdan)
n2. Islets of pancreas
(Langerhans)
n3. Collecting tubules of
kidney (Bellini)
n4. Parotid duct (Stensen)
n5. Venae cordis minimae
(Thebesius)
By my
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